Biodiesel :: Energy, Biomass

Biomass corporation be classified as dry biomass (such as wood) or the wealthy biomass sources such as organic fraction of domestic waste, agro-industrial wastes, slurries and waste water. caloric conversion or gasification of the dry biomass generates energy. Figure 3 summarizes an approximate ecumenic energy consumption level. Nearly 2 kg billion biomass is ruin everyday in developing countries. Especially in India, 90% of master(a) energy use is accounted for biomass in rural areas (wood-56% crop residues-16% dung-21%). Combustion of these sources leads to steep concentrations of respirable particulates, gases including CO, SO2, nitrogen oxides and toxic compounds such as benzene and formaldehyde 23. The pixilated biomass is less suitable for thermal conversion. Biotechnological processes are involved where the reactions are catalysed by microorganisms in an aqueous environment at low temperature and pressure. Aquatic biomass presents an wakeful adaptability to grow in di fferent conditions and has deepen CO2 fixation attach to with a low nitrous oxide release. Some microalgal biomass is considered as a crack alternative renewable energy source, either terrestrial or aquatic (Botryococcus braunii) (Fig. 1m). In view of the oil content of many microalgae (Table 2) energy retrieval from biomass can be implemented on a large plate readily. The photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic biomass is much higher (6-8%) than that of its terrestrial replica (1.8-2.2%) 13. Further, aquatic biomass presents an easy adaptability to grow in different conditions either in fresh or marine water or in a wide range of pH. This makes the aquatic biomass more adaptive or an enhanced CO2 fixation to afford a high biomass production. The only operable methods of large scale production of microalgae are tubular photobioreactors 19 and open lead ponds 20. Extensive studies have been carried out for the cultivation of different marine microalga utilize a variety of cultiv ation systems including open ponds and various types of closed photobioreactors 21, 22. Since already several articles were dealt with large scale production, this paper did not concentrate on these issues.Biomass for force play coevals has been recognized as an important component of the renewable energy programme in India and this is reflected in the priority attached to it by the MNES. There are niches with substantial potential for the use of biomass for power generation e.g. bagasse cogeneration in sugar mills, decentralized gasifier based diesel cogeneration systems in south India and biomass waste from agricultural operations or agro-industries in concentrated geographical pockets 23. A biomass power / cogeneration capacity addition of 115 MW in sestet states was created in the country during the year reaching a cumulative power generation capacity of 727 MW.